1. Introduction
Used to increase the load-bearing capacity of structural elements without increasing dimensions.
Mainly based on fiber-reinforced polymer systems or steel plates bonded with epoxy.
2. Types
System | Description | Applications |
CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) | High strength-to-weight ratio; epoxy-saturated carbon fiber sheets or plates. | Columns, slabs, beams (bending, shear, axial). |
GFRP (Glass Fiber) | Economical, used for non-structural upgrades. | Walls, facades, aesthetic retrofits. |
Steel Plate Bonding | Steel plates bonded using epoxy adhesives. | Bridges, heavy beams. |
Anchorage / Wrap Kits | Corner radius wraps, epoxy saturants, primers. | Seismic retrofit, confinement. |
3. Standards & Performance
Standard | Reference |
ACI 440.2R | Design & application of FRP systems |
EN 1504-9 | Strengthening systems |
IS 15988 | Seismic evaluation & retrofit |
- Performance Parameters
Property | Value |
Tensile Strength (CFRP) | 3500–5000 MPa |
Elastic Modulus | 150–230 GPa |
Bond Strength | ≥2.0 MPa |
Elongation | 1.5–2.0% |
- Consultant Guidance
- CFRP for lightweight, high-strength retrofitting.
- GFRP for cost-effective secondary applications.
- RC jacketing for large structural reinforcement.
- Ensure proper surface preparation (grit blasting, cleaning).